ABSTRACT
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la expresión de diversos biomarcadores moleculares en liquen plano oral para ayudar a comprender su conducta biológica. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio inmunohistoquímico en 40 casos de liquen plano oral contra BAX, BCL-2, CD-138, Histona 3, Ki-67, MCM3 y p53, en el Área de Patología Molecular Estomatológica de la Facultad de Odontología, UDELAR, Uruguay. Resultados: Se observó mayor expresión de BAX en contraposición con BCL-2, sugiriendo un comportamiento proapoptótico, respaldado a su vez por la ausencia de expresión de p53. La expresión de los marcadores de proliferación celular fue en todo el tejido lesional observado, sugiriendo así alteraciones de la proliferación. CD-138 se expresó de manera intensa y uniforme, determinando una baja alteración de las uniones intercelulares para estos casos. Conclusiones: La alteración en la expresión de las proteínas estudiadas sugiere un trastorno en los mecanismos proliferativos y apoptóticos, los cuales se asocian con una conducta patológica de la mucosa oral.
This study aims to establish an association of the expression of specific biomarkers in oral lichen planus to understandits biological behavior. Materials and methods: An immunohistochemistry study was conducted in 40 cases of oral lichen planus against BAX, BCL-2, CD138, Histone 3, Ki-67, MCM3 and p53 at the Molecular Pathology Area of the School of Dentistry, UDELAR, Uruguay. Results: A greater expression of BAX was detected compared to BCL-2, suggesting a pro-apoptotic behavior, supported by the absence of p53 expression. MCM3 expression was more sensitive than Ki-67, considering proliferation alterations. CD-138 had a more intense and uniform expression, determining fewer intercellular adhesion alterations. Conclusions: The expression of the proteins studied suggests an alteration in proliferative and apoptotic mechanisms, associated with a pathological behavior of the oral mucosa.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a expressão de vários biomarcadores moleculares no líquen plano oral para ajudar a compreender seu comportamento biológico. Materiais emétodos: Foi realizado um estudo imunohistoquímico em 40 casos de líquen plano oral contra BAX, BCL-2, CD-138, Histona 3, Ki-67, MCM3 e p53, na área de Patologia Molecular Estomatológica da Faculdade de Odontologia , UDELAR, Uruguai. Resultados: Observou-se aumento da expressão de BAX em contraste com BCL-2, sugerindo um comportamento proapoptótico, apoiado por sua vez pela ausência da expressão de p53. A expressão de marcadores de proliferação celular foi observada em todo o tecido da lesão, sugerindo alterações na proliferação. CD-138 foi expressado de maneira intensa e uniforme, determinando uma baixa alteração das junções intercelulares para esses casos. Conclusões: A alteração na expressão das proteínas estudadas sugere um distúrbio nos mecanismos proliferativos e apoptóticos, os quais estão associados a um comportamento patológico da mucosa oral.
Subject(s)
Humans , Lichen Planus, Oral , BiomarkersABSTRACT
Los hemangiomas son tumores vasculares benignos comunes, encontrados principalmente en la piel y el tejido celular subcutáneo. Su localización en el mesenterio es muy poco frecuente. En este artículo se reportan cuatro casos de hemangiomas mesentéricos, y uno de ellos que se presentó con hemoperitoneo significativo.
Subject(s)
Hemangioma , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mesentery , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Traditional reading of chest X-rays usually has a low prognostic value and poor agreement. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the interobserver and intraobserver agreement using two reading formats in patients with community-acquired pneumonia, and to explore their association with etiology and clinical outcomes. METHODS: A pulmonologist and a radiologist, who were blind to clinical data, interpreted 211 radiographs using a traditional analysis format (type and location of pulmonary infiltrates and pleural findings), and a quantitative analysis (pulmonary damage categorized from 0 to 10). For both, the interobserver and intraobserver agreement was estimated (Kappa statistic and intraclass correlation coefficient). The latter was assessed in a subsample of 25 radiographs three months after the initial reading. Finally, the observers made a joint reading to explore its prognostic usefulness via multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Seventy-four chest radiographs were discarded due to poor quality. With the traditional reading, the mean interobserver agreement was moderate (0.43). It was considered good when the presence of pleural effusion, and the location of the infiltrates in the right upper lobe and both lower lobes, were evaluated; moderate for multilobar pneumonia; and poor for the type of infiltrates. The mean intraobserver agreement for each reviewer was 0.71 and 0.5 respectively. The quantitative reading had an agreement between good and excellent (interobserver 0.72, intraobserver 0.85 and 0.61). Radiological findings were neither associated to a specific pathogen nor to mortality. CONCLUSION: In patients with pneumonia, the interpretation of the chest X-ray, especially the smallest of details, depends solely on the reader.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumonia , Cohort Studies , Community-Acquired Infections , Observer Variation , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
En este artículo se discuten e ilustran las características por imagen de la afectación abdominal por tuberculosis. Se presenta un grupo de pacientes evaluados a través de diferentes modalidades diagnósticas con síntomas abdominales y hallazgos imaginológicos sugestivos de infección granulomatosa. Este diagnóstico fue confirmado posteriormente en la evolución clínica y con estudio histológico. Se incluyen casos de afectación en diferentes órganos abdominales, como sistema linfático, peritoneo, órganos pélvicos, hígado, bazo, riñones y uréteres.
In this article we illustrate and discuss imaging features resulting from Tuberculosis abdominal affectation. We present patients evaluated with several imaging modalities who had abdominal symptoms and findings suggestives of granoulomatous disease. Diagnosiswas confirm including hystopatology and clinica outgoing. Cases involved presented many affected organs such as lymphatic system, peritoneum, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands and pelvic organs.
Subject(s)
Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tuberculosis , Tuberculosis, Hepatic , Tuberculosis, Renal , Tuberculosis, SplenicABSTRACT
En este artículo se presenta el caso de un neonato de 14 días de vida, quien fue llevado al servicio de urgencias por hipoactividad, mala succión y tinte ictérico generalizado; así como una corta revisión sobre la patología encontrada. En el examen físico se encontró con cianosis peribucal, hipotonía, tiraje, llenado capilar lento y un soplo mesosistólico II/IV en C2-2 y C2-3. Una ecografía prenatal había reportado una comunicación interventricular y un arco aórtico no observado. Mediante una ecocardiografía y una angiotomografía de tórax se diagnosticó un arco aórtico interrumpido tipo B, cardiopatía congénita de rara ocurrencia, que además se asociaba a comunicación interventricular, comunicación interauricular y conducto arterioso persistente. Al niño se le corrigieron quirúrgicamente todos los defectos, sin complicaciones y con adecuada evolución.
A 14-day-old newborn was brought to the emergency room by his parents whonoticed hypoactivity, poor suction, and jaundice. On physical examination he was found to have respiratory distress, perioral cyanosis, hypotonia, slow capillary fill, and a grade II / IV mid-systolic murmur was heard over C2-2 and C2-3. A prenatal ultrasound reported a ventricular septal defect and the aortic arch was not seen. Type B interrupted aortic arch, a rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly, was diagnosed by echocardiogram and angioCT . The VSD was also seen; an arterial septal defect and persistent ductus arteriosus were also diagnosed. The child underwent corrective surgery of all the defects, with uneventfulrecovery. A short revision of this infrequent cardiovascular anomaly is presented.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aorta, Thoracic , Heart Defects, Congenital , Infant, Newborn , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
En este trabajo se analizan las repercusiones que conllevael uso de la mentira en entornos de trabajo. A partir delas valoraciones de los profesionales que trabajan en ellos, examinamos los efectos del objetivo y la tipicidad de la mentira sobre la valoración de su aceptabilidad, gravedad y de la percepción de sus consecuencias. Los resultados principales señalan que el objetivo por el cual se miente es el factor que más incide en la valoración social de este comportamiento y en la percepción de sus consecuencias en el entorno del trabajo, variando los efectos según el tipo de objetivo. Las mentiras que buscan el beneficio de otros son consideradas más aceptables, menos graves y dañan menos la confianza y la cooperación. Por el contrario, las mentiras que buscan el beneficio personal causando daño a otros son valoradas como más inaceptables y deterioran más los procesos de trabajo que requieren cooperación y confianza.
In this article we examine the repercussions that lying has in the workplace. The effects of the type of lie and the objectives for lying are explored through the measure of acceptability, graveness, and perception of the consequences based on evaluations made by professionals working there. The main results show that the objective behind the lying is the one which had a greater repercussion on social appraisal for the behaviour and on the perceptionof the consequences on the work environment, where the effects varied according to the type of objective. Lies that look for benefiting others are considered as more acceptable, less grave and harm both trust and collaboration to a lesser extent. On the contrary, lies that look for personal gain while causing harm to others are valued as more unacceptable and deteriorate those work processes requiring collaboration and trust.
Subject(s)
Humans , Lie Detection/psychology , Working ConditionsABSTRACT
El enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico de los pacientes con sospecha de trauma vascular de las extremidades ha cambiado a lo largo del tiempo. La arteriografía de rutina desplazó al tratamiento quirúrgico obligado debido al alto número de exploraciones quirúrgicas no terapéuticas. Posteriormente se adoptó un enfoque selectivo y el análisis juicioso de los hallazgos del examen físico condujo a la disminución del número de arteriografías practicadas. En los últimos años se ha recurrido al uso de la tomografía helicoidal y, más recientemente, al de la angiotomografía con multidetectores (TCMD) para la evaluación de situaciones médicas y quirúrgicas de urgencia y su uso se ha extendido a los pacientes con trauma vascular. La experiencia acumulada en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl de Medellín (Colombia) y en otros centros de trauma permite concluir que es un procedimiento seguro, confiable y que por su excelente desempeño se puede constituir en la prueba de oro para el diagnóstico del trauma vascular de las extremidades.
The diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to patients with suspected vascular injuries in the extremities haschanged throughout time. Routine arteriography replaced mandatory surgical treatment due to the high number of non-therapeutic explorations. Later on, a more selective approach was adopted, and thestrict analysis of physical examination findings led toa reduced number of arteriographies. In recent yearsthe use of Helical CT arteriography and then Multidetector CT angiography have become useful tools in the evaluation of some medical and surgicalconditions, which now include vascular trauma. With the accumulated experience at Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, in Medellín (Colombia) as well as in other trauma centers, it can be now stated that this procedure is safe, reliable and that, due to its excellent performance, it can be considered the Gold-Standard Test for the diagnosis of vascular traumain the extremities.